Author: Dr. Luis Sevinsky, Dermatologist
A s a dermatologist, I always emphasize the importance of using sunscreen throughout the year, not just during the summer months. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is present every day, even on cloudy or cold days, and it can chronically damage our skin.
In this note, I want to explain why protecting yourself from the sun is essential for maintaining healthy skin and how to do it properly.
UV Radiation: A Constant Risk
It’s crucial to understand that UV rays are primarily divided into two types: UVA and UVB, and both can affect our skin:
UVA Rays: These are present all year round, regardless of the season or weather. They penetrate deep into the skin, causing long-term damage that manifests in the form of dark spots, known as "sunspots" or, incorrectly, "age spots." These spots are not a sign of natural aging but the result of cumulative sun exposure.
UVB Rays: These are more intense during the spring and summer months (September to March in the Southern Hemisphere) and are the main cause of sunburns. Although less prominent in winter, they don’t disappear completely and can also contribute to the development of skin cancer.
Even on cloudy days, up to 80% of UV rays can penetrate through the clouds and reach the skin’s surface. That’s why I recommend using broad-spectrum sunscreen every day, no matter the time of year.
The Consequences of Prolonged Sun Damage
The damage UV rays cause to the skin doesn’t always appear immediately, but it has cumulative effects that can be severe. I’ve seen in many of my patients how continuous, unprotected exposure leads to:
Dark Spots: Far from being harmless, these spots indicate significant sun damage that increases the risk of developing more serious skin problems.
Actinic Keratoses: These are precancerous lesions that appear as dry, scaly patches, primarily in exposed areas like the face, hands, and scalp. If left untreated, they can evolve into skin cancer within 10 to 15 years.
Premature Aging: The sun is the main external factor that accelerates skin aging. Wrinkles, loss of firmness, and rough texture are direct consequences of UV exposure.
Recommendations for Protecting Your Skin
The best way to avoid these issues is to adopt a consistent sun protection routine. As a doctor, these are the key recommendations I suggest:
Use Broad-Spectrum Sunscreen: Make sure the sunscreen you use provides protection against both UVA and UVB rays. Apply the product generously and evenly, even on cloudy days or when indoors but exposed to light through windows.
Apply Sunscreen Every Day: Whether it's winter or summer, sunny or cloudy, sun damage is continuous. Use sunscreen with at least SPF 30, and reapply every two hours if you're outdoors.
Physical Protection: Complement sunscreen use with physical barriers like hats, sunglasses, and long-sleeved clothing. These elements help minimize direct exposure.
Sun Protection is Key to Healthy Skin
The skin is the largest organ of our body and deserves constant care. Spots and other visible signs of sun damage are not inevitable, and with proper protection, we can prevent more serious problems, such as skin cancer. Investing in your skin health today is the best way to keep your skin youthful and healthy in the future.
If you want more information on how to care for your skin and which sunscreen is best for you, I invite you to schedule a consultation here.